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Proton - Persona series

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About Proton

Proton is the Malaysian national carmaker (Malay acronym for PeRusahaan OTOmobil Nasional, 'National Automobile Enterprise'), which was established in 1983 under the direction of the former Prime Minister, Tun Mahathir Mohamad. Proton Holdings Berhad, the holding company, is listed on the Bursa Malaysia.

History

Based on technology and parts from Mitsubishi Motors, production of the first model, the Proton Saga began in September 1985 at its first manufacturing plant in Shah Alam, Selangor. Initially the components of the car were entirely manufactured by Mitsubishi but slowly local parts were being used as technologies were transferred and skills were gained. The 100,000th Proton Saga was produced in January 1989.

Until the end of the 1990s, the car's logo featured the crest from Malaysia's coat of arms, featuring a crescent and a fourteen-pointed star. The new Proton logo features a stylized tiger head. In 1993, a model called Proton Wira was introduced based on the Mitsubishi Lancer/Colt. More than 220,000 units were sold between 1996 and 1998. Proton Perdana, based on the Mitsubishi Galant/Eterna, was first produced in 1995, intended for higher end market.

By 2002 Proton held a market share of over 60% in Malaysia, which was reduced to barely 30% by 2005 and is expected to reduce further in 2008 when AFTA mandates reduce import tariffs to a maximum of 5%.

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S4 12v 1.5L      M-5
64.0 kW / 85.8 hp / 85.8 hp  126.0 N·m / 92.9 lb·ft / 92.9 lb·ft
   

Proton Persona 1.5 Saloon (1993)

sedan (saloon), petrol (gasoline) 4-cylinder 12-valve straight (inline) engine, 1467 cm3 / 89.5 cu in / 89.5 cu in, 64.0 kW / 85.8 hp / 85.8 hp @ 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm, 126.0 N·m / 92.9 lb·ft / 92.9 lb·ft @ 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm, manual 5-speed transmission, front wheel drive

  
  
S4 16v 1.8L DOHC M-5
86.0 kW / 115.3 hp / 115.3 hp  163.0 N·m / 120.2 lb·ft / 120.2 lb·ft
   

Proton Persona 1.8 Saloon (1993)

sedan (saloon), petrol (gasoline) 4-cylinder 16-valve straight (inline) engine, DOHC (double overhead camshafts, twin cam), 1834 cm3 / 111.9 cu in / 111.9 cu in, 86.0 kW / 115.3 hp / 115.3 hp @ 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm, 163.0 N·m / 120.2 lb·ft / 120.2 lb·ft @ 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm, manual 5-speed transmission, front wheel drive

  
  
S4 16v 1.8L DOHC A-4
86.0 kW / 115.3 hp / 115.3 hp  163.0 N·m / 120.2 lb·ft / 120.2 lb·ft
   

Proton Persona 1.8 Saloon Automatic (1993)

sedan (saloon), petrol (gasoline) 4-cylinder 16-valve straight (inline) engine, DOHC (double overhead camshafts, twin cam), 1834 cm3 / 111.9 cu in / 111.9 cu in, 86.0 kW / 115.3 hp / 115.3 hp @ 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm, 163.0 N·m / 120.2 lb·ft / 120.2 lb·ft @ 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm, automatic 4-speed transmission, front wheel drive

  
  
S4 12v 1.3L      M-5
55.0 kW / 73.8 hp / 73.8 hp  110.0 N·m / 81.1 lb·ft / 81.1 lb·ft
   

Proton Persona Saloon (1993)

sedan (saloon), petrol (gasoline) 4-cylinder 12-valve straight (inline) engine, 1298 cm3 / 79.2 cu in / 79.2 cu in, 55.0 kW / 73.8 hp / 73.8 hp @ 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm, 110.0 N·m / 81.1 lb·ft / 81.1 lb·ft @ 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm, manual 5-speed transmission, front wheel drive

  
  
S4 12v 1.3L      M-5
56.0 kW / 75.1 hp / 75.1 hp  110.0 N·m / 81.1 lb·ft / 81.1 lb·ft
   

Proton Persona Saloon (1994)

sedan (saloon), petrol (gasoline) 4-cylinder 12-valve straight (inline) engine, 1299 cm3 / 79.3 cu in / 79.3 cu in, 56.0 kW / 75.1 hp / 75.1 hp @ 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm, 110.0 N·m / 81.1 lb·ft / 81.1 lb·ft @ 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm, manual 5-speed transmission, front wheel drive

  
  
S4 12v 1.3L      M-5
55.0 kW / 73.8 hp / 73.8 hp  110.0 N·m / 81.1 lb·ft / 81.1 lb·ft
   

Proton Persona Saloon (1995)

sedan (saloon), petrol (gasoline) 4-cylinder 12-valve straight (inline) engine, 1299 cm3 / 79.3 cu in / 79.3 cu in, 55.0 kW / 73.8 hp / 73.8 hp @ 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm, 110.0 N·m / 81.1 lb·ft / 81.1 lb·ft @ 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm, manual 5-speed transmission, front wheel drive

  
  
S4 12v 1.3L      M-5
55.0 kW / 73.8 hp / 73.8 hp  110.0 N·m / 81.1 lb·ft / 81.1 lb·ft
   

Proton Persona Saloon (1996)

sedan (saloon), petrol (gasoline) 4-cylinder 12-valve straight (inline) engine, 1299 cm3 / 79.3 cu in / 79.3 cu in, 55.0 kW / 73.8 hp / 73.8 hp @ 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm, 110.0 N·m / 81.1 lb·ft / 81.1 lb·ft @ 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm, manual 5-speed transmission, front wheel drive

  
  
S4 12v 1.3L      M-5
55.0 kW / 73.8 hp / 73.8 hp  110.0 N·m / 81.1 lb·ft / 81.1 lb·ft
   

Proton Persona Saloon (1997)

sedan (saloon), petrol (gasoline) 4-cylinder 12-valve straight (inline) engine, 1299 cm3 / 79.3 cu in / 79.3 cu in, 55.0 kW / 73.8 hp / 73.8 hp @ 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm, 110.0 N·m / 81.1 lb·ft / 81.1 lb·ft @ 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm, manual 5-speed transmission, front wheel drive

  
  
S4 12v 1.3L      M-5
55.0 kW / 73.8 hp / 73.8 hp  110.0 N·m / 81.1 lb·ft / 81.1 lb·ft
   

Proton Persona Saloon (1998)

sedan (saloon), petrol (gasoline) 4-cylinder 12-valve straight (inline) engine, 1297 cm3 / 79.1 cu in / 79.1 cu in, 55.0 kW / 73.8 hp / 73.8 hp @ 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm, 110.0 N·m / 81.1 lb·ft / 81.1 lb·ft @ 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm, manual 5-speed transmission, front wheel drive

  
  
S4 12v 1.3L      M-5
55.0 kW / 73.8 hp / 73.8 hp  111.0 N·m / 81.9 lb·ft / 81.9 lb·ft
   

Proton Persona Saloon (1999)

sedan (saloon), petrol (gasoline) 4-cylinder 12-valve straight (inline) engine, 1299 cm3 / 79.3 cu in / 79.3 cu in, 55.0 kW / 73.8 hp / 73.8 hp @ 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm / 6000 rpm, 111.0 N·m / 81.9 lb·ft / 81.9 lb·ft @ 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm / 3000 rpm, manual 5-speed transmission, front wheel drive

Infobox

The Varying Drivers License Requirements Around the World

Minimum driving ages, the number of passengers young drivers can have with them at any time, the times of day that drivers under the age of 18 can drive…

These all vary depending on where young motorists are driving. They vary, even, across the United States.

For instance, in Maine, motorists under the age of 18 aren’t allowed to have any passengers with them as they drive for the first 180 days after they obtain their licenses. In Alabama, motorists under the age of 18 can have one passenger with them.

And that’s just one example of the differences in driving license requirements from one part of the country to the next. The differences are even more pronounced when comparing one country to another. Minimum driving ages vary widely across the world. While most states in the United States allow youngsters to earn their learner’s permits at the age of 15, many other countries require their residents to be much older before they get behind the wheel of a car.

(...)

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